Saponification refers to the chemical reaction that occurs when fats or oils are mixed with an alkaline substance, typically in the form of lye or sodium hydroxide. In the context of skin care, this process is significant for its ability to produce soap, which is designed to cleanse the skin.
In option C, the concept of cleansing or soaping of the skin using a negative charge indicates the interaction of the alkaline soap with the oils and dirt on the skin. Soap has a unique structure with a hydrophobic end that binds with oils and impurities and a hydrophilic end that binds with water, facilitating the removal of these unwanted substances when rinsed away. This dual action makes saponification particularly effective for cleansing the skin, as it breaks down oils and emulsifies dirt so that they can be easily washed away.
The other options do not accurately capture the essence of saponification in skin care. Cleansing with a positive charge or moisturizing do not pertain to the chemical reaction involved in saponification, and exfoliating dead cells refers to a different process that involves physically or chemically removing the outermost layer of skin rather than the cleaning action associated with soap. Saponification specifically results in the creation of soap, which is fundamentally about cleansing